Answer each of the following questions in 90 to 175 words.
Cite any references to support your answers.
Format your citations according to APA guidelines.
- What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of having formalized procedures for improving the effectiveness or efficiency of innovation?
- What factors should a firm consider when deciding how centralized its research and development (R&D) activities should be? Should firms employ both centralized and decentralized R&D activities?
- Why is the tension between centralization and decentralization of R&D activities likely to be even greater for multinational firms than firms that compete in one national market?
- What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of the transnational approach advocated by Bartlett and Ghoshal?