At this point in our class, you’re learning about innovative technologies associated with design, such as Gutenberg’s press, wood type, lithography, photography, and the Industrial Revolution. There is a long and intriguing design history between early printing processes and current digital media with on-demand printing. It’s clear that, historically, design and technology have been closely woven together within the larger aspects of society, culture, and history. One form of design – posters – has been a vital form of communication for centuries.
Select a Designer
For this paper, you will select a designer who has made an impact on poster design. You’ll be writing a case study. Put yourself in the role of a design writer – imagine you are writing an upcoming article for a design, illustration, or photography publication. Your paper should be less about traditional research – not just reporting facts – and more about critical and creative thinking. Your specific topic should be of interest to you and inspire you to look at the designer and the work from a broad perspective.
Include a Brief History
You will be researching the history and development of poster design, from broadsides in the 1500s to the period of the specific designer you have chosen to write about. Your paper should include a brief overview of the development of the poster, both technologically and culturally. You will research the designer’s methodology and discuss the reasons behind his or her creations (E.G. political, advertising or promotion, social commentary, public service campaigns, etc.). Discuss the designer’s technique and technical methods for the production of the type and imagery as well as how these areas were influenced by the technology available at the time. Include how the design approach was effective or appropriate for the topic. How did cultural, social, economic and/or historic factors influence the relationship between design and technology and the outcome of your selected
Analysis
Make a well-researched critical analysis* of audience reception of the message of the poster(s). This may be either hypothesized (based on your research), or on recorded historical fact. Describe the work as if it is the subject of an article in a periodical or a review of a gallery show. Include at least three examples of the designer’s work. You must describe, in detail, at least one of the posters shown in these images.
Regarding the designer’s work in the medium of posters, include specific information about that person’s influence in the design field and include at least one example of any type of work created by someone else showing this influence. This may be documented or it may be an analysis of your own discovery.
*this does not mean you are writing a critique or criticizing the work
Note: Be careful of a couple potential issues with online sourcing of images: some posters with the designer’s name may have been created to promote lectures by that person and were not actually created by the designer; some images may look like posters but are in fact book covers, magazine layouts or other designs. Research carefully!
A short list of designers to research:
Beggarstaff Brothers
A. M. Cassandra
Leonetto Capiello
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Jules Chéret
Erik Nitsche
Edward McKnight Kauffer
Herbert Matter
Herbert Bayer
Lester Beall
Austin Cooper
Joseph Binder
Joseph Müller-Brockmann
Armin Hoffmann
Wolfgang Weingart
Saul Bass
Paul Rand
Ben Shahn
Jean Widmer
Massimo Vignelli
Paula Scher
Barbara Kruger
James Victore
David Carson
April Greiman
Art Chantry
Cranbrook Academy
Katherine McCoy & Michael McCoy
Lucille Tenazas
Elliott Earls
Laurie Haycock & P. Scott Makela
Javier Jean
This is not a comprehensive list – you may propose other designers.
Some spaces and places to spark ideas for your paper (this is not an exhaustive list… it’s a wild world out there):
AIGA.org (Links to an external site.)
Cooper Hewitt National Design Museum (Links to an external site.)
Design Observer (Links to an external site.)
Reading Design (Links to an external site.)
Alphabettes (Links to an external site.)
Aperture (Links to an external site.) (blog)
Magnum Photos (Links to an external site.) (arts & culture section)
British Journal of Photography (Links to an external site.)
Podcasts such as Design Matters (Links to an external site.), Scratching the Surface (Links to an external site.), or Through Process (Links to an external site.)
Eye magazine (Links to an external site.) (articles and blog, KSU Library has printed issues)
Letterform Archive (Links to an external site.)
…and many more
A search of journals in the Kent State periodical system will help you to find articles in design and academic periodicals. Many of these can be accessed online. Do not rely solely on Websites that are not online versions of established journals – you must include at least one book or journal source in addition to our course textbook (if referenced).
If you can’t find specific facts about your selected designer, you can make a case for technological, social, cultural or other influences on the type of work they created.
Though your perspectives in your analysis are an important part of this paper, you must include facts to support your views. All sources must be referenced (cited) and included in a bibliography. Use the Chicago Manual of Style. At times, you may find that contrasting views are helpful. Pay attention to the cultural and social milieu of your subject.
Deadlines are in the GDP Schedule.
Project requirements follow
Abstract/Proposal
150–200 words (undergrad students)
250–300 words (graduate students)
30 points
Determine a designer you propose to research and write about. State your intentions for addressing this designer and how the person relates to the history of design. The proposal must include the subject’s cultural, societal, and/or historic connections and subsequent influence on the field of design. Include at least three references that will support your writing. Include a working title for the paper. Chicago Manual of Style must be used for the formatting of all sections.