9/24 Classical Revival in Renaissance Art and Architecture

9/24 Classical Revival in Renaissance Art and Architecture Syncretism Painting Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) Birth of Venus Syncretism – Union of different cultures and religions Myth of Uranus, God of Heaven, unseated by son, a drop of blood in the sea created Venus. Mysterious birth of divine beauty in the world Venus (chaste and married love)-Virgin Mary Botticelli,  Primavera (Spring) Figures (from Right to Left)            Neo-platonic            Christian Zephyr and Cloris/Flora            Sensual Love            Eros Venus the Soul                Platonic Love            (all combined) Three Graces                    Friendship            Philia (Splendor, Mirth, and Good Cheer) Mercury (Messenger of the Gods)        Divine Love            Agape Sculpture 1401 Competition for doors for Florentine Baptisty of San Giovanni Subject: The Sacrifice of Isaac Ghiberti recovered Roman art of lost-wax casting Finalists: Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446) and Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378-1455) Ghiberti’s North Doors 1402-1423 Ghiberti’s East Doors “ Gates of Paradise,” Commissioned 1425 Cain and Abel Joseph Brunelleschi and Donatello in Rome (1401-1416/17) Excavated ruins and studied classical orders Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Colosseum contained all Pantheon provided model for Santa Maria della Fiore Donatello (Donato di Nicccolo di Betto Bardi, 1386-1466) Classical Revival in sculpture Master of Bas Relief Roman Sarcophagus  (Roman) Pulpit of San Lorenzo (Renaissance) Marcus Aurelius (Roman) Gattamaleta (Renaissance) Statue of Caesar (Roman) St George (Renaissance) Portrait Bust (Roman) Niccolo da Uzzano (Renaissance) Senator (Roman) The Prophet (Lo Zuccone) (Renaissance) Athlete (Greece) David (Renaissance) Architecture Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1455) Santa Maria del Fiore, begun 1296, nave underway 1296 Competition for Dome Common solution: Vaulting vs. Buttressing Renaissance plans – centering Brunelleschi’ plan –barrel vaulting 2 Domes Interior tapers 7-4 feet, exterior 2 to 1 feet Materials Change Building Dome Consecration Legacy Other contributions based on classical forms Church of San Lorenzo Ospedale degli Innocenti (Foundling Home) Pazzi Chapel at Santa Croce